# SPACE / from V-2 to reusable boosters

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Category: Technology
Slides: 13
Updated: 2026-05-17T20:55:45.503Z
Tags: catalog, tech, space

## Summary

AD ASTRA 2026 / 13 FILED 02 MAY 2026 NORTH AMERICAN BUREAU CLEARANCE — PUBLIC SPACE / from V-2 to reusable boosters A 13-sheet technical brief on the engineering of leaving Earth NASA-WORM REFERENCE BRIEF PRESS → OR SPACE TO ADVANCE MISSION 01 — V-2 / PEENEMÜNDE EVENT 1942 1942 First vehicle to touch space On 3 October 1942 , an A-4 rocket — soon known to the world as the V-2 — lifted from Test Stand VII at... Key sections include: SPACE / from V-2 to reusable boosters; First vehicle to touch space; A beep heard around the world; Humans, in orbit; Tranquility Base, here.; Living in low-Earth orbit; Continuous human presence; The booster comes back; First commercial crew; Full reusability, full stack.

## Slide Outline

1. SPACE / from V-2 to reusable boosters
2. First vehicle to touch space
3. A beep heard around the world
4. Humans, in orbit
5. Tranquility Base, here.
6. Living in low-Earth orbit
7. Continuous human presence
8. The booster comes back
9. First commercial crew
10. Full reusability, full stack
11. Return to the Moon
12. Mars, mining, telescopes, mega-constellations
13. Further reading & viewing

## Slide Transcript

### Slide 1: SPACE
/ from V-2
to reusable
boosters

- MISSION 00 — TITLE
- DOC NSA-26.05.02 / REV-A
- FILED 02 MAY 2026
- NORTH AMERICAN BUREAU
- CLEARANCE — PUBLIC
- A 13-sheet technical brief on the engineering of leaving Earth
- NASA-WORM REFERENCE BRIEF
- PRESS → OR SPACE TO ADVANCE

### Slide 2: First vehicle to touch space

- MISSION 01 — V-2 / PEENEMÜNDE
- EVENT 1942
- 1942
- On 3 October 1942, an A-4 rocket — soon known to the world as the V-2 — lifted from Test Stand VII at Peenemünde on the Baltic coast and crossed the Kármán line, the 100 km boundary of space. It was the first human-built object to do so.
- Engineered by Wernher von Braun's team for the Wehrmacht, it was a weapon of terror that killed thousands. It was also a liquid-fuelled, gyro-stabilised, mass-produced ballistic rocket — the genetic ancestor of every launcher that followed.
- Liquid oxygen + 75% ethanol propellant
- Apex altitude ~ 175 km on test flights
- Operation Paperclip ported the team and tooling to White Sands, NM, in 1945
- SHEET 02 — V-2NEXT → SPUTNIK

### Slide 3: A beep heard around the world

- MISSION 02 — SPUTNIK 1
- EVENT 1957-10-04
- 1957
- The Soviet R-7 — a hardened ICBM designed to carry a thermonuclear warhead — instead carried an 83 kg polished sphere with four whip antennas. Sputnik 1 was the first artificial satellite of Earth.
- Its 20 MHz beep-beep-beep could be picked up by any shortwave radio. In Washington it sounded like a strategic earthquake: if Soviets could orbit a satellite, they could drop a warhead on any city on Earth.
- Orbit: 215 × 939 km, 96-minute period
- Triggered the U.S. creation of NASA (29 Jul 1958) and ARPA
- Sputnik 2 (Nov 1957) carried Laika — the first living passenger
- SHEET 03 — SPUTNIKNEXT → GAGARIN

### Slide 4: Humans, in orbit

- MISSION 03 — VOSTOK / MERCURY
- EVENT 1961
- 1961
- 12 April 1961. Yuri Gagarin's Vostok 1 capsule completes one orbit of Earth in 108 minutes. He is 27 years old. His radio call: "Poyekhali!" — "Off we go!"
- Three weeks later, Alan Shepard rides Mercury-Redstone 3 on a 15-minute suborbital hop. The U.S. is behind, and on 25 May 1961, in a joint session of Congress, Kennedy commits the nation to landing a man on the Moon and returning him safely before the decade is out.
- Vostok 1: 327 km apogee, ejection-seat reentry
- Friendship 7 (Glenn, Feb 1962): first U.S. orbital flight
- Apollo program briefed within months of Kennedy's speech
- SHEET 04 — GAGARIN / KENNEDYNEXT → APOLLO 11

### Slide 5: Tranquility Base, here.

- MISSION 04 — APOLLO 11
- EVENT 1969-07-20
- 1969
- Saturn V — 110 m tall, 2,950 t fueled, five F-1 engines burning RP-1 and LOX at 7.6 million pounds of thrust — lifts off from Pad 39A on 16 July 1969. Four days and 384,000 km later, Eagle separates from Columbia and descends to the Sea of Tranquility.
- Armstrong takes manual control past a boulder field with 30 seconds of fuel remaining. Aldrin follows him onto the regolith. They leave a plaque, a flag, and footprints that will outlast every empire on Earth.
- Humans on the Moon
- Successful landings
- 382 kg
- Lunar samples returned
- Search: Apollo 11 moon landing →
- SHEET 05 — APOLLO 11NEXT → STATIONS

### Slide 6: Living in low-Earth orbit

- MISSION 05 — STATIONS & SHUTTLES
- EVENT 1971 — 1990
- 1971 — 90
- After the Moon, the program shifts from flag-planting to occupying. Salyut 1 (1971) is the first space station. Skylab (1973) reuses Saturn V hardware. Mir (1986–2001) keeps a continuous human presence for years at a time.
- The U.S. answers with the Space Shuttle (STS-1, 1981) — a partially reusable spaceplane that flies 135 missions, deploys the Hubble Space Telescope in 1990, and is grounded by Challenger and Columbia.
- Salyut: 7 stations across 1971-1986
- Mir: assembled in orbit; first modular station
- Hubble: ~1.4 million observations to date
- Shuttle: external tank + 2 SRBs + orbiter
- SHEET 06 — STATIONSNEXT → ISS

### Slide 7: Continuous human presence

- MISSION 06 — INTERNATIONAL SPACE STATION
- EVENT 1998 —
- 1998 —
- Born from the ruins of Reagan's Freedom and Russia's Mir-2, the ISS is the most expensive object ever built — over $150 billion across five space agencies. Its first module, Zarya, launched November 1998. Crews have lived aboard continuously since November 2000.
- It is a microgravity laboratory, a diplomatic instrument, and a school. Tens of thousands of experiments. Thousands of spacewalk-hours. The longest single stay: Valeri Polyakov's 437 days — on Mir, but the ISS is the heir.
- 25+ yr
- Continuous habitation
- 420 t
- Mass on orbit
- Sunrises per day
- SHEET 07 — ISSNEXT → FALCON

### Slide 8: The booster comes back

- MISSION 07 — FALCON / FALCON HEAVY
- EVENT 2010 —
- 2010 —
- For 60 years, every rocket stage was discarded. SpaceX's Falcon 9 changed the math: in December 2015 a first stage flew to space, came home, and landed on its tail at Cape Canaveral. The cost-per-kg curve, frozen since Saturn V, finally bent down.
- Falcon Heavy (2018) lashes three Falcon cores together. Two of the three boosters land in synchrony at LZ-1 and LZ-2. Reuse drops marginal launch cost by roughly an order of magnitude — and then some.
- First successful landing: 21 Dec 2015 (CRS-8 followup)
- ~$1500 / kg to LEO with full reuse, vs ~$30,000 in 1990s
- Same booster has flown 20+ missions
- Search: SpaceX Falcon 9 landing →
- SHEET 08 — FALCONNEXT → CREW DRAGON

### Slide 9: First commercial crew

- MISSION 08 — DEMO-2
- EVENT 2020-05-30
- 2020
- For nine years after the Shuttle's retirement, every American astronaut rode Russian Soyuz to orbit. On 30 May 2020, Doug Hurley and Bob Behnken launched aboard Crew Dragon Endeavour — the first orbital flight of humans on a privately built spacecraft.
- The launch market split in two. Government still funds destinations and missions. Operators are now customers, not builders. Boeing's Starliner stumbles; Dragon flies routinely.
- NASA Commercial Crew contracts: ~$8B total to SpaceX + Boeing
- Dragon: 7 crew or cargo + autonomous docking
- Dragon launched the first all-private orbital mission, Inspiration4 (Sep 2021)
- SHEET 09 — CREW DRAGONNEXT → STARSHIP

### Slide 10: Full reusability, full stack

- MISSION 09 — STARSHIP / SUPER HEAVY
- EVENT 2023 —
- 2023 —
- Starship is the operational form of the long dream: a fully and rapidly reusable two-stage launcher of unprecedented size. Super Heavy booster + Starship upper stage, both stainless steel, both designed to land and refly.
- NASA selected the Starship HLS as the lunar lander for Artemis III — meaning the next humans on the Moon will descend in a SpaceX vehicle. The economics, if it works, redraw the map: 100+ tons to LEO per flight, refuelled on-orbit for missions beyond.
- Stack height ~ 121 m, diameter 9 m
- 33 Raptor engines on the booster (methane / LOX)
- "Mechazilla" tower catches the booster on its grid fins
- SHEET 10 — STARSHIPNEXT → ARTEMIS

### Slide 11: Return to the Moon

- MISSION 10 — ARTEMIS / NEW LUNAR
- EVENT 2022 —
- 2022 —
- Artemis I sent an uncrewed Orion around the Moon in late 2022 atop NASA's Space Launch System. Artemis II repeats the loop with crew. Artemis III aims to land near the lunar south pole — where shadowed craters hold water ice.
- Meanwhile China's CNSA has landed Chang'e on the far side, returned samples, and laid out a 2030s human program. Private players queue for cislunar contracts. India's Chandrayaan-3 landed near the south pole in 2023.
- Lunar Gateway: small station in near-rectilinear halo orbit
- South-polar ice = potential hydrogen + oxygen propellant
- Multiple national flags now headed back to the surface
- SHEET 11 — BEYOND LEONEXT → FRONTIER

### Slide 12: Mars, mining, telescopes, mega-constellations

- MISSION 11 — THE FRONTIER
- EVENT 2026 — 2050
- FRONTIER
- Mars: rovers since 1997, helicopters since 2021. SpaceX targets crewed flights with Starship. A sample-return campaign is underway.
- Asteroid mining: NASA's OSIRIS-REx returned material from Bennu in 2023. The legal regime — who owns what — is still being written.
- JWST, parked at L2 since 2022, sees galaxies from 13 billion years ago in infrared. Its predecessor Hubble keeps working.
- Constellations: Starlink, Kuiper, OneWeb, GuoWang. Tens of thousands of satellites — bandwidth, brightness, debris. The night sky is now infrastructure.
- SHEET 12 — FRONTIERNEXT → CLOSING

### Slide 13: Further reading & viewing

- MISSION 12 — REFERENCES
- END OF DOCUMENT
- END
- The space age is 84 years old. Its first chapter — V-2 to Apollo — was written in steel, slide rules, and Cold War urgency. Its second — stations, shuttles, ISS — institutionalised low-Earth orbit. The third is being written right now, with reusable boosters, commercial crews, and an open question about who, exactly, the next civilisation in space will be.
- If you read three things: Andrew Chaikin's A Man on the Moon, Asif Siddiqi's Challenge to Apollo, Eric Berger's Liftoff.
- Video — Apollo 11
- Original CBS broadcast, restored landing footage, descent audio.
- youtube.com/results?search_query=apollo+11+moon+landing
- Video — Falcon 9 landing
- Booster recovery, drone-ship arrivals, return-to-launch-site burns.
- youtube.com/results?search_query=spacex+falcon+9+landing
- Books
- Chaikin · Siddiqi · Berger · Mary Roach · Tom Wolfe.
- Open data
- NASA NTRS · NASA SVS · ESA Heritage · Roscosmos archives · arXiv astro-ph.
- SHEET 13 — END OF DOCUMENTAD ASTRA PER ASPERA


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