# Hip-Hop

Canonical URL: https://shipslides.com/d/music-hip-hop
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Category: Music
Slides: 12
Updated: 2026-05-17T20:51:29.233Z
Tags: music, hip, hop

## Summary

August 11, 1973. Cindy Campbell throws a back-to-school party in the rec room of 1520 Sedgwick Avenue, the Bronx. Her brother Clive — DJ Kool Herc — runs two turntables side by side, finds the percussion break in James Brown's Give It Up or Turnit a Loose , and switches between two copies to extend it. The "merry-go-round" technique. The break loop. Hip-hop's clock starts here. Key sections include: HIP · HOP; 1520 SEDGWICK AVE.; OLD SCHOOL · 1979–84; GOLDEN AGE · 1986–94; STRAIGHT OUTTA; THE SOUTH RISES; GLOBAL HIP-HOP; FOUR ELEMENTS; MCs · A.SHORT.LIST; 15 RECORDS.

## Slide Outline

1. HIP · HOP
2. 1520 SEDGWICK AVE.
3. OLD SCHOOL · 1979–84
4. GOLDEN AGE · 1986–94
5. STRAIGHT OUTTA
6. THE SOUTH RISES
7. GLOBAL HIP-HOP
8. FOUR ELEMENTS
9. MCs · A.SHORT.LIST
10. 15 RECORDS
11. REGIONAL DIALECTS
12. WATCH THIS

## Slide Transcript

### Slide 1: 1520 SEDGWICK AVE.

- // 01 origin
- August 11, 1973. Cindy Campbell throws a back-to-school party in the rec room of 1520 Sedgwick Avenue, the Bronx. Her brother Clive — DJ Kool Herc — runs two turntables side by side, finds the percussion break in James Brown's Give It Up or Turnit a Loose, and switches between two copies to extend it. The "merry-go-round" technique. The break loop. Hip-hop's clock starts here.
- Within five years a vocabulary is in place: Afrika Bambaataa founds the Universal Zulu Nation. Grandmaster Flash develops backspin, cutting, and the "clock theory" for finding breakpoints. The MC — at first an emcee announcing the DJ — moves to the center. Sugarhill Gang's "Rapper's Delight" (1979) is the first rap record on a Billboard chart. It uses Chic's "Good Times" as its bed and runs over 14 minutes long.
- "It was a party. We made a party that didn't stop."— Kool Herc

### Slide 2: OLD SCHOOL · 1979–84

- // 02 old school
- Sugar Hill Records (Englewood, NJ) signs the Sugarhill Gang, then Grandmaster Flash & the Furious Five, whose The Message (1982) is the first rap record about something other than the party — Melle Mel's verses about urban decay, drugs, and dead-end work redirect the genre toward social document.
- Afrika Bambaataa & Soulsonic Force's Planet Rock (1982), built on Kraftwerk's Trans-Europe Express and Roland TR-808 drums, is the founding record of electro. Kurtis Blow becomes the first rapper signed to a major label (Mercury, 1979). Run-DMC, three kids from Hollis, Queens, sign with Profile in 1983 — and Run-D.M.C. (1984) replaces disco beats with stark drum-machine programming and rock guitar samples.

### Slide 3: GOLDEN AGE · 1986–94

- // 03 golden age
- A short window — roughly Run-DMC's Raising Hell (1986) through Wu-Tang's 36 Chambers (1993) — that produced more durable records than any comparable stretch in pop history.
- Run-DMC
- Hollis, Queens
- Raising Hell (1986) — Aerosmith collab "Walk This Way" pushes rap onto MTV.
- LL Cool J
- Def Jam · 1985
- Radio (1985), produced by Rick Rubin in an NYU dorm. Mama Said Knock You Out (1990).
- Public Enemy
- Long Island · 1985
- It Takes a Nation of Millions (1988). The Bomb Squad's collage production. Chuck D + Flavor Flav.
- Eric B. & Rakim
- Long Island
- Paid in Full (1987). Rakim invents internal rhyme as we know it.
- De La Soul
- Amityville · 1989
- 3 Feet High and Rising. Daisy Age, Prince Paul production.
- A Tribe Called Quest
- St. Albans, Queens
- The Low End Theory (1991). Q-Tip + Phife Dawg over Ron Carter bass.
- Wu-Tang Clan
- Staten Island · 1992
- Enter the 36 Chambers (1993). RZA's stripped sound; nine MCs; kung-fu flicks.
- Nas
- Queensbridge · 1991
- Illmatic (1994). Ten tracks, multiple producers, perfect.
- Notorious B.I.G.
- Brooklyn · 1992
- Ready to Die (1994). Bad Boy Records · Sean Combs.

### Slide 4: STRAIGHT OUTTA

- // 04 west coast / gangsta
- 1986. Schoolly D's P.S.K. (What Does It Mean?) — Philadelphia. Ice-T's 6 in the Mornin' follows. In Compton, N.W.A. — Eazy-E, Dr. Dre, Ice Cube, MC Ren, DJ Yella — release Straight Outta Compton in August 1988. Two and a half million copies. The FBI sends Ruthless Records a warning letter about "F— Tha Police."
- Dr. Dre's The Chronic (1992) — built on P-funk samples, live G-funk synths, Snoop Dogg as the new voice — defines West Coast for the rest of the decade. Tupac Shakur (1971–1996) and Suge Knight's Death Row Records become the dominant force; the East Coast/West Coast feud peaks with the murders of Tupac (Las Vegas, Sept '96) and Biggie (Los Angeles, March '97): Biggie's killing remains unsolved; a suspect was charged in Tupac's killing in 2023.

### Slide 5: THE SOUTH RISES

- // 05 south rises
- Atlanta-based OutKast's Aquemini (1998) is the first widely-acclaimed Southern rap masterpiece. Stankonia (2000) and Speakerboxxx/The Love Below (2003) put them at the top. UGK (Bun B and Pimp C) had been making "country rap tunes" in Port Arthur, TX since 1992. Three 6 Mafia from Memphis built proto-trap from horror-movie samples and 808 sub. By the late 2000s — T.I., Lil Wayne, Gucci Mane, Young Jeezy — Southern hip-hop is hip-hop. Atlanta producers Lex Luger, Zaytoven, Metro Boomin codify the trap sound that becomes pop's default rhythm.
- By the 2010s the geography flattens. Kendrick Lamar's good kid, m.A.A.d city (2012) and To Pimp a Butterfly (2015). Drake from Toronto. J. Cole. Kanye West's My Beautiful Dark Twisted Fantasy (2010). Tyler, the Creator. Kendrick wins the Pulitzer in 2018 for DAMN. — the first non-jazz/classical winner.

### Slide 6: GLOBAL HIP-HOP

- // 06 global
- By the 2000s the form has been localized everywhere. UK — grime in East London (Wiley, Dizzee Rascal's Boy in da Corner, 2003; Skepta), drill in Brixton. France — IAM, MC Solaar, Booba. Korea — Epik High, Tablo. Japan — Nujabes, Shing02. Brazil — Racionais MC's. Senegal — Daara J. Nigeria — Falz, Olamide. South Africa — Die Antwoord, Cassper Nyovest, Nasty C. The breakbeat has become the world's default vernacular.

### Slide 7: FOUR ELEMENTS

- // 07 elements
- The four classical elements per Bambaataa: DJing, MCing, B-boying, graffiti writing. A fifth — knowledge — is sometimes added.

### Slide 8: MCs · A.SHORT.LIST

- // 08 mc roster
- 01RakimWilliam Griffin Jr · Long Island · "I ain't no joke / I used to let the mic smoke"
- b.1968
- 02Chuck DPublic Enemy · the political voice of the era
- b.1960
- 03KRS-OneBoogie Down Productions · "edutainment"
- b.1965
- 04Q-TipA Tribe Called Quest · the abstract poet
- b.1970
- 05NasQueensbridge · son of jazz trumpeter Olu Dara
- b.1973
- 06Notorious B.I.G.Brooklyn · 1972–1997
- d.1997
- 072PacTupac Amaru Shakur · East Harlem to Oakland · 1971–1996
- d.1996
- 08Lauryn HillFugees · The Miseducation of Lauryn Hill (1998)
- b.1975
- 09MF DOOMDaniel Dumile · the masked villain · 1971–2020
- d.2020
- 10EminemDetroit · technical apex of the late-90s/2000s
- b.1972
- 11André 3000OutKast · half of the most ambitious duo in rap
- b.1975
- 12Kendrick LamarCompton · Pulitzer 2018 · DAMN.
- b.1987

### Slide 9: 15 RECORDS

- // 09 essential lp
- 01It Takes a Nation of Millions to Hold Us BackPublic Enemy · Def Jam
- 1988
- 02Paid in FullEric B. & Rakim · 4th & B'way
- 1987
- 033 Feet High and RisingDe La Soul · Tommy Boy · prod. Prince Paul
- 1989
- 04The Low End TheoryA Tribe Called Quest · Jive
- 1991
- 05The ChronicDr. Dre · Death Row · feat. Snoop
- 1992
- 06Enter the Wu-Tang (36 Chambers)Wu-Tang Clan · Loud · prod. RZA
- 1993
- 07IllmaticNas · Columbia · prod. DJ Premier, Pete Rock, Q-Tip, Large Pro, L.E.S.
- 1994
- 08Ready to DieThe Notorious B.I.G. · Bad Boy
- 1994
- 09All Eyez on Me2Pac · Death Row · double LP
- 1996
- 10The Miseducation of Lauryn HillLauryn Hill · Ruffhouse
- 1998
- 11StankoniaOutKast · LaFace
- 2000
- 12The BlueprintJay-Z · Roc-A-Fella · prod. Kanye West, Just Blaze
- 2001
- 13My Beautiful Dark Twisted FantasyKanye West · Roc-A-Fella
- 2010
- 14good kid, m.A.A.d cityKendrick Lamar · TDE / Aftermath
- 2012
- 15To Pimp a ButterflyKendrick Lamar · TDE / Interscope
- 2015

### Slide 10: REGIONAL DIALECTS

- // 09b · regional sounds
- NY Boom-Bap
- 90s
- DJ Premier, Pete Rock, Large Professor. Sampled jazz loops, hard drums.
- G-Funk
- LA · early 90s
- Dr. Dre, DJ Quik. Whining synths, P-funk samples, slow tempos.
- Crunk
- Memphis/ATL · 2000s
- Lil Jon, Three 6 Mafia. Stripped-down 808s, chant hooks.
- Trap
- ATL · 2003+
- T.I., Gucci, Future. Roland TR-808 sub bass, hi-hat triplets, snare rolls.
- Drill
- Chicago · 2012; Brooklyn 2018; UK
- Chief Keef, Pop Smoke. Sliding 808s, dark sample chops.
- Cloud Rap
- 2010s
- Lil B, A$AP Rocky, early Yung Lean. Ambient pads, half-time drums.
- Mumble Rap
- 2014+
- Future, Young Thug, Lil Uzi. Melodic, auto-tuned, often more sung than rapped.
- Phonk
- Memphis revival · 2010s
- SpaceGhostPurrp, the larger SoundCloud era. Cowbells and chopped 90s vocals.
- Grime
- East London · 2003
- Wiley, Dizzee, Skepta. 140 BPM, square-wave bass, MC-led.

### Slide 11: WATCH THIS

- // 10 watch
- // illustrative placeholder city image · picsum.photos //
- // FEATURED · 1995
- NAS · "THE WORLD IS YOURS"
- Pete Rock production, sample of Ahmad Jamal's "I Love Music." Off Illmatic (1994). The video shoots Queensbridge straight.
- // Watch on YouTube //
- // Kendrick performing "Alright" at the Grammys 2016 //


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